Interactive visualization of lazy partition heaps using a coin-based accounting invariant: every pile holds twice its excess in coins, with animated coin transfers per operation.
Lazy partition heaps — coin-invariant visualizer
invariant: every pile holds 2·φⱼ coins
elements n
0
sets ℓ (bound 2 lg n + 1)
1
total coins = 2·Σφⱼ = Φ
0
coin invariant (coins ⟷ potential)
—
Insert elements to begin. Coins below each pile always equal twice its excess φⱼ — watch this invariant survive anything you do.